Guide to Cough Management

Introduction

• This document is a guide to understanding and managing coughs, adapted from a leaflet by the University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust.
• The guide aims to explain the mechanics of coughing, the importance of cough management, and practical strategies to control a chronic cough.

Why We Cough

• Coughing is a reflex action to clear the throat and lungs of irritants.
• Chronic coughs, which lack obvious causes, can become a cycle of irritation and inflammation.

Cough Management Objectives

• Shorter coughing bouts with reduced intensity.
• Less frequent coughing episodes.
• Regaining control over coughing and breathing patterns to perform daily activities without interruption.

Understanding Breathing Patterns

• 'Normal' breathing involves nose breathing, followed by gentle, silent diaphragmatic breathing.
• Breathing out should be quiet and effortless.
• The average resting breath rate is 10-15 breaths per minute.
• Practice a good breathing pattern during rest and light activity.
• Seek help from a respiratory physiotherapist if needed.

Strategies for Managing Cough

• For Productive Coughs: Use specific breathing exercises to help bring up phlegm.
• For Dry Coughs:
  • Close your mouth and swallow.
  • Relax shoulders and breathe through the nose.
  • Use lozenges or boiled sweets.
  • Sip on drinks regularly.
  • Gently clear your throat.

Challenges in Managing Cough

• Chronic coughs can be difficult to manage due to inflammation, chest infections, excessive phlegm, tight airways, or abnormal breathing patterns.

Chronic Cough Cycle

• A visual diagram on page 3 explains the cycle of coughing, irritation, and inflammation in the upper airways.

Summary

• Practice the techniques regularly.
• Be patient as benefits may take time to notice.
• Seek help from a respiratory physiotherapist if required.

Key Takeaways

• Coughing is a reflex to clear irritants but can become chronic and difficult to manage.
• Understanding and practicing good breathing patterns is crucial.
• Use various techniques to manage coughs, tailored to whether they are productive or dry.
• Managing coughs can be challenging but improves with practice and professional help.