Understanding Fatty Liver Disease and the Liver's Functions

Introduction to the Liver

• The liver is the second largest organ in the human body.
• Known for its resilience, it can regenerate even after significant portions are removed.

Functions of the Liver

• Filters toxins from the blood.
• Metabolizes drugs.
• Produces bile for fat digestion.
• Regulates the metabolism of fats, carbohydrates, and proteins.
• Produces lipoproteins (HDL and LDL).
• Stores essential nutrients like glycogen, iron, and vitamins.
• Regulates blood glucose levels.
• Produces proteins essential for immune function and blood clotting.

Fatty Liver Disease

• Types: Alcoholic fatty liver disease and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
• Symptoms: Can be asymptomatic, especially in early stages; indicators include an enlarged liver and excessive visceral fat.
• Risk Factors: Overweight, insulin resistance, diabetes, hypertension, abnormal cholesterol levels.

Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)

• Recent name change to Metabolic Dysfunction Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) to reflect its link with cardiometabolic dysfunctions.
• Diagnosis: Confirmed through imaging (ultrasound, CT, or MRI) showing fat infiltration in the liver.
• Conditions for Diagnosis: Requires presence of cardiometabolic dysfunctions.

Treatment and Management

• Focus on controlling and improving cardiometabolic dysfunctions.
• Weight loss is a primary recommendation, potentially through:
  • Diet and exercise.
  • Medications like semaglutide.
  • Bariatric surgery for severe cases.
• Avoiding alcohol and vaccinating against hepatitis to prevent further liver damage.

Progression of the Disease

• Can lead to steatohepatitis (inflammation) and fibrosis (scarring).
• Advanced stages may result in cirrhosis and increased risks for liver cancer or transplant.

Prevention and Maintenance

• Regular annual physicals including blood tests.
• Addressing the "Big Four" aspects of health: diet, exercise, sleep, and mental health.

Educational Content

• Partnering with Brilliant to provide interactive lessons in math, science, and more to encourage lifelong learning.

For further learning, explore interactive courses on Brilliant's platform, and maintain a consistent habit of learning and health management for optimal well-being.