Lecture Notes: Versions of C++

Welcome to Nesso Academy! In this lecture, we will dive into the different versions of C++ and highlight key features introduced in each version.

Versions of C++

1. C++ 98 (1998)

   • First standardized version by ISO.
   • Standardized features: classes, templates, exception handling.
   • Introduction of the Standard Template Library (STL) including vectors, lists, and maps.

2. C++ 03 (2003)

   • Minor improvements and bug fixes to C++ 98.

3. C++ 11 (2011)

   • Known as Modern C++.
   • Introduction of modern features: auto keyword, lambda expressions, range-based for loops.

4. C++ 14 (2014)

   • Considered a small extension to C++ 11.
   • Introduced features: generic lambdas, return type deductions from normal functions.

5. C++ 17 (2017)

   • Improved performance and usability.
   • Key features: structured bindings, parallel algorithms.

6. C++ 20 (2020)

   • Considered the biggest update since C++ 11.
   • Introduction of coroutines, modules, calendar, and time-based utilities.

7. C++ 23 (2023)

   • Minor improvements to ranges, lambdas, and standard libraries.

Focus on C++ 17 in the Course

Why C++ 17?

1. Stability and Adoption

   • C++ 17 is stable and widely accepted by most C++ compilers.
   • Broad community adoption.

2. Beginner-Friendly Features

   • Features like structured bindings and parallel algorithms are complex enough to be modern but simple enough for beginners.

3. Entry-Level Concerns

   • C++ 20 and C++ 23 offer advanced features that may overwhelm beginners.

4. Relevance to Interviews and Competitive Programming

   • Industry standard for interviews.
   • Preferred in competitive programming.

In this course, starting with C++ 17 offers a stable, modern, and accessible entry point into the language, aligning well with industry practices and educational goals.

Thank you for joining this lecture. I'll see you in the next one!