How to Repair Windows 10/11 Without Reinstalling

In today's guide, you will learn how to repair Windows 10 or 11 if you're experiencing issues such as corrupted files, slow performance, or Windows update problems, without needing to reinstall the operating system.

Before You Start

• Create a System Restore Point: This is a precautionary step to revert your system to a working state in case anything goes wrong during the repair process. Follow a tutorial on how to create one.

Steps to Repair Windows

1. Open Command Prompt as Administrator: This is required to execute the repair commands.

2. Check for Corruption:

   • Basic Check:

     DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /CheckHealth
     

     This command assesses if the Windows image is flagged as corrupted without making changes.

   • Detailed Scan:

     DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /ScanHealth
     

     This scans the system for corruption and logs any issues.

3. Attempt Repair:

   • Restore Health Command:

     DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth
     

     Connects to Windows update to download necessary files for repair. Ensure your internet connection is active.

4. Use Local Repair Source if Needed:

   • Download Windows ISO: If DISM can't find files online, use a local source.
   • Mount ISO File: Right-click the ISO file and select Mount.
   • Locate Essential Files:
     • Look in the sources folder for install.wim or install.esd.
     • Use this path in the following command if required:

       DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth /Source:<path> /LimitAccess
       

5. Clean Up Component Store:

   • Start Component Cleanup:

     DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /StartComponentCleanup
     

     Frees up space by removing old Windows update files.

   • Analyze Component Store:

     DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /AnalyzeComponentStore
     

     Provides an overview of potential space savings.

6. Thorough Repair with System File Checker:

   • Run DISM Restore Health:

     DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth
     

   • Run System File Checker:

     sfc /scannow
     

     Replaces any missing or corrupted system files.

Conclusion

With these DISM commands, you can troubleshoot, repair, and optimize your Windows installation. Always run Command Prompt as an administrator and consider using local sources if necessary.

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